The skin may also become very dry, thick, or. Port-wine stains, also called capillary malformations, are birthmarks that usually appear at birth and can persist throughout life. The name port-wine stain comes from the color of the birthmark, which ranges from light pink to a dark red color. They don’t fade over time and may become darker if left untreated. A port-wine stain is a type of birthmark that is caused by a malformation of tiny blood vessels called capillaries. ![]() "Vascular birthmarks appear when blood vessels form irregularly in certain parts of your skin." Green notes that vascular birthmarks occur "when there is an irregularity in the structure of the blood vessels-either that they develop to be much wider than they should be or a cluster of vessels forms in a particular area. Port-wine stains may start out as pink or red and turn dark red or purple. "Pigmented birthmarks appear due to an excess of melanin (pigment) in one area of the body," she says. Engelman adds that birthmarks come "in various shapes, colors, and sizes." Although there are many different types of birthmarks, for the most part, they fit into one of the two categories: pigmented or vascular, according to Engelman. It starts out pinkish or reddish and turns darker as the child grows. "Birthmarks are patches of skin discoloration, typically benign, that appear at birth or soon after," explains Green. A port-wine stain is a permanent birthmark present from birth. ![]() Michele Green, MD, is a board-certified cosmetic dermatologist who performs birthmark removal at her New York-based dermatology practice. ![]()
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